At the moment, in the most progressive countries around the world, spread the idea of using carbonated biomass obtained by dry pyrolysis to achieve a reduction in the greenhouse effect generated by agricultural soils. As a result of dry pyrolysis without air access, biochar is obtained, the physical, chemical and biological properties of which, when introduced into agricultural soil, improve the characteristics of all types of soil, and also reduce soil emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Biochar is a product of carbonization (charring) of various types of biomass in special drum furnaces of continuous carbonization. As a result, a material is formed with a large number of chemical compounds, which make it a supplier of macro and microelements and reduce the rate of emission of photosynthetic gases into the atmosphere. Biochar can be obtained from all types of biological residues from the forest industry and agriculture (for example, corn stalks, rice husks, straw of various cereals, or shells of various nuts).
| Pyrolysis material | Nut shell | Hardwood |
| Moisture content, % | 0,7-0,8 | 0,6-0,7 |
| Ash content,% | 2-2,5 | 4,5-5 |
| Volatile content,% | 7-7,5 | 8-8,5 |
| Carbon content,% | 89-90 | 86-87 |
| Specific heat of combustion, kCal/kg | 8000-8100 | 7500-7900 |